I also have this exact problem. I have only set up the default template, with only the changes specified in the Getting Started doc.
If I manually go into the database and forcefully set the AbpUsers ShouldChangePasswordOnNextLogin field to false, I can login, but something is definitely wrong with the generated template. In the browser's developer tab, there are not Javascript errors, and no errors in the Network tab either.
This also behaves exactly the same after I Publish/Deploy in exactly the same fashion.
Edit: Sorry, I just noticed the mention of "Fixed in v6.8". I was on 6.7 as well.